Macrolides



The macrolides are a group of  drugs (typically antibiotics) whose activity stems from the presence of a macrolide ring, a large macrocyclic lactone ring to which one or more  deoxy sugars, usually cladinose and desosamine, may be attached. The lactone rings are usually 14-, 15-, or 16-membered. Macrolides belong to the  polyketide class of  natural products.

Name the Macrolides:

·         Erythromycin:Antibiotic.
·         Azithromycin:Antibiotic.
·         Clarithromycin:Drug of chice of H.pylori.

Mechanism of action:
Macrolid binds with 50s ribosomal RNA
Prevent translocation reaction of bacteria
Inhibit protein synthesis

Indication of Macrolides/Erythromycin:

1)      Whooping cough(Diptheria).
2)      Pharyngitis.
3)      Tonsilitis.
4)      Non gonococcal urethritis/Syphilis/in pregnency & chidhood.
5)      Acne.
6)      Respiratory tract infection.
7)      Community acquired pneumonia.
8)      Penicillin substitute in penicillin sensitivity.Prophylaxis against endocarditis.

Adverse effects of Erythromycin:

1)      GIT:Nausea,Vomiting,Diarrhoea.
2)      Liver:Cholestatic,Jaundice.

Contraindication of microlids:

Pregnancy=*Hepatic failure due to fatty change of liver.

        *Teratogenic effect.

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