The macrolides are a group of drugs (typically antibiotics) whose activity stems from the presence of a macrolide ring, a large macrocyclic lactone ring to which one or more deoxy sugars, usually cladinose and desosamine, may be attached. The lactone rings are usually 14-, 15-, or 16-membered. Macrolides belong to the polyketide class of natural products.
Name
the Macrolides:
·
Erythromycin:Antibiotic.
·
Azithromycin:Antibiotic.
·
Clarithromycin:Drug of chice of H.pylori.
Mechanism of action:
Macrolid binds with 50s ribosomal
RNA
↓
Prevent translocation reaction of
bacteria
↓
Inhibit protein synthesis
Indication
of Macrolides/Erythromycin:
1) Whooping cough(Diptheria).
2) Pharyngitis.
3) Tonsilitis.
4) Non gonococcal
urethritis/Syphilis/in pregnency & chidhood.
5) Acne.
6) Respiratory tract infection.
7) Community acquired pneumonia.
8) Penicillin substitute in penicillin
sensitivity.Prophylaxis against endocarditis.
Adverse
effects of Erythromycin:
1) GIT:Nausea,Vomiting,Diarrhoea.
2) Liver:Cholestatic,Jaundice.
Contraindication
of microlids:
Pregnancy=*Hepatic failure due to fatty change of liver.
*Teratogenic
effect.
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