Definition (Nystagmus): Nystagmus is a condition that causes involuntary,
rapid movement of one or both eyes. The eye(s) may move from side to side, up and down, or in a circular motion.
Nystagmus is often accompanied by vision problems, including blurriness. It is
common for individuals with this condition to tilt their heads to compensate
for their difficulty seeing.
This condition is also known as:
- dancing
eyes
- back-and-forth
eye movements
- involuntary
eye movements
- uncontrolled
eye movements
- rapid
eye movements (from side to side)
Causes:
Nystagmus may be hereditary or caused by developmental problems in the part of
the brain that controls eye motion. These types of nystagmus are called congenital nystagmus or spasmus nutans. Acquired nystagmus, which can occur at any age, may be
caused by trauma, underlying medical conditions or diseases, or drugs. These
underlying conditions or diseases may be serious.
Common causes: Acquired
nystagmus may be caused by relatively common underlying medical conditions or
certain lifestyle factors including:
- Alcohol
intoxication
- Medical
disorders involving the inner ear such as labyrinthitis (Meniere’s
disease)
- Multiple
sclerosis (disease that affects the brain and spinal cord causing
weakness, coordination and balance difficulties, and other problems)
- Parkinson’s
disease (brain disorder that impairs movement and coordination)
- Sedative
medications
Serious or life-threatening
causes: In some cases,
acquired nystagmus may be a symptom of a serious or life-threatening condition
that should be immediately evaluated in an emergency setting. These include:
- Brain
tumor
- Drug
overdose or toxicity
- Head
trauma
- Stroke
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