Biomechanics
Total Lecture: 100 Hrs
Exam time: 3 Hrs.
Total marks: 150
Written:
100
Oral / Practical: 30
Sessional: 20
Mechanics
a) Introduction to Biomechanics and terminology.
b) Introduction to mechanics including motion, forces,
parallel forces system
c) Newton
d) Kinematics description of motion – forces that
modify motion.
e) Work, Power and Energy.
f) The analysis of linear motion.
g) Centre of Gravity, line of gravity, stability and
equilibrium.
The condition of Rotary Motion:
·
Rotary force.
·
The lever.
·
Newton’s laws
and rotational equivalents.
·
Centripetal and
centrifugal forces.
·
The analysis of
rotary motion.
Joint Structure and Function:
a) Basic principle of Joint design and a human joint.
b) Tissues present in human joint including fibrous
tissue, bone cartilage and connective tissue.
c) Classification of joints.
d) Joint function, Kinematics chains and range of
motion.
e) Recall anatomy and study the biomechanics of the
spine, shoulder girdle, joints of the upper extremity, pelvic girdle and the
joints of the lower extremity.
Muscle Structure and function:
a) Mobility and stability functions of muscle.
b) Elements of muscle structure and its properties.
c) Types of muscle contractions and muscle work.
d) Classification of muscles and their functions.
e) Group action of muscles, Co-ordination of movement.
Posture & Gait:
a) Posture – Definition, factors responsible for
posture, relationship of gravity on posture.
b) Postural imbalance – factors responsible for
imbalance in Static and dynamic positions including ergonomics.
c) Description of Normal gait, determinants of gait,
spatio temporal features and analysis.
d) Gait deviations – Types, Causative factors and
analysis.
Practical
1. To study the effects of forces on objects.
2. To find out the C.G. of on object.
3. To identify axis and planes of motion at the joints
of spine, shoulder girdle, joints of upper extremity, Pelvic girdle and joints
of lower extremity.
4. To study the different types of muscle contraction,
muscle work, group action of muscles of coordinated movements.
5. Analysis of Normal posture respect to L.O.G. and the
optimal position of joints in Antereo -posterior and lateral views.
6. Analysis of normal gait and measurement of spatio
temporal features.
Books
Recommended:
1. Joint Structure and Function – A Comprehensive
Analysis – Norkins & Levangic – F.A. Davis.
2. Measurement of Joint Motion – A Guide to
Goniometry - Norkins & White – F.A.
Davis.
3. Brunnstrom’s Clinical Kinesiology – Smith et al –
F.A. Davis.
4. Basic Biomechanics explained – Low & Reed – Butterworth
Heinmann.
5.
Kinesiology:
Applied to Pathological Motion – Soderberg Lippincott.
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