Define Prosthesis. Mention the
classification and give example.
Ans: Definition
(Prosthesis): It is an artificial
device that replaces a missing body part. Prostheses are typically used to
replace parts lost by injury or missing from birth (congenital) or to
supplement defective body parts.
Classification:
[A] Exoskeletal
prosthesis: An exoskeletal prosthesis gains its structural strength from
the outer laminated shell, through which the weight of the body is transmitted.
This shell was usually made of a resin socket, which is quite durable, over a
filler material of wood or foam, and the whole prosthesis is shaped to provide
a cosmetic appearance of the amputated limb. The opposite surviving leg is
taken for reference for shape length and skin color. Of late other materials
like high density poly ethylene are also being used. The prosthetic fitting
should be very perfect; otherwise lack of alignment and adjustability would
pose great problems.
[B] Endoskeletal
prosthesis: This is more modern in design. It gains its structural
integrity from the inner endoskeleton a pylon made of metal or carbon fibre,
which is a light internal modular component to provide weight bearing. The
cosmetic appearance is provided by shaped foam covers slipped over the modular
components.
Advantages:
This design includes the ease of alignment of the components and their
adjustments and the ability to interchange components by removing the foam
cover.
Disadvantages: This design is that the foam cover is not
very durable and needs to be replaced often
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